Biting is a distressing manifestation of aggressive behaviour in young children. More common in boys than girls, it is most common in the toddler and preschool age groups. The behaviour can be directed against parents, siblings or peers.

Cause

The immediate cause of biting is often the child being angry or frustrated, usually at not getting his [...]

THREATENING OPPOSITE-SEX CHILDHOOD FOE

It may be difficult to recall, but try to think of that one girl or boy of the opposite gender who seemed to clash with you. This most likely would have taken place around later elementary school, when the genders are trying to mix in a society that blocks that mixture with [...]

A proper diet and enough sleep are also very important in helping raise our threshold to stress. If we have eating problems it is important we seek advice to help re-establish normal eating patterns.

Returning to healthier sleep patterns can be difficult, and this is where the meditation technique can play an important role.

Although we have [...]

As with any treatment, you need to weigh the likely ‘benefit’ against the likely ‘cost’. These are some of the questions to which you will need answers:

-What is the aim of the surgery?

-What is the chance of achieving that aim?

-Would there be a better chance of achieving that aim if I had other forms of [...]

Close monitoring will show any dangerously abnormal heart rhythms before they go on to develop fibrillation. The abnormal rhythm can then be reversed by the injection of drugs.

Should ventricular fibrillation occur, it can be reversed by using a defibrillator machine to give an electric shock directly over the heart.

Mobile intensive care units (MICA) are ambulances [...]

In the late sixties, it appeared that the Pill was the answer for the contraceptive needs of most women.

Although some women cannot use the Pill without undue side effects, most can take it, especially the newer low-dose ones with minimum side effects and almost 100 per cent success in preventing conception.

Unfortunately, reports about the long-term [...]

The amount of care your skin requires is dependent on its type. If your skin is oily, such as might be the case if you are an adolescent, it will require different attention from that required for a dry elderly skin. Similarly, if you are fortunate enough to have inherited an olive or pigmented skin, [...]

The aim of treating reactive hypoglycaemia is to prevent sudden large increases in blood sugar levels. If the blood sugar level can be prevented from increasing quickly, then excessive unnecessary amounts of insulin will not be produced and the blood sugar levels will not plunge to abnormally low levels.

Smooth steady blood sugar levels can be [...]

Skinfold thickness. Skinfold thickness has traditionally been used to measure body fatness in athletes. The original validation studies in general populations were earned out using under-water weighing, or cadavers, as the ‘gold standard’ measure and there have been traditionally two main equations; that developed by Jackson and Pollock in 19813 using 3, 4 or 7 [...]

Chronic nephritis, or chronic glomerulonephritis, means that the kidneys are damaged, and that blood and protein are found in the urine as a result. It may follow on from an acute attack, or it may simply appear for no apparent reason. Sometimes it may flare up after recurring throat infections by the streptococcal germ.

There may [...]